《植物生理学报》 2014, 50(12): 1801-1808

被子植物配子形成过程中表观遗传学调控

刘茜阳, 罗云, 李桥, 闫海芳*

东北林业大学生命科学学院, 哈尔滨150040

通信作者：闫海芳；E-mail: icyhf@yahoo.com；Tel: 0451-82191783

摘　要：

配子(gamete)是指生物进行有性生殖时由生殖系统所产生的成熟性细胞。DNA甲基化和小RNA诱导沉默机制调控营养细胞、中央细胞和精子细胞的发育。组蛋白修饰可使卵细胞和中央细胞形成各自鲜明的表观遗传特点, 也可调控精子染色质的状态。本文综述了雌雄配子发育的表观遗传学调控机制, 包括DNA甲基化、小RNA诱导沉默、染色质修饰和组蛋白修饰等方面研究的最新进展。

关键词：被子植物; 雌雄配子体; 表观遗传学; 甲基化

收稿：2014-10-08   修定：2014-11-14

资助：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(DL12CA10)和国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1210053)。

Epigenetic Regulation in Angiosperm Gamete Development

LIU Xi-Yang, LUO Yun, LI Qiao, YAN Hai-Fang*

College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Corresponding author: YAN Hai-Fang; E-mail: icyhf@yahoo.com; Tel: 0451-82191783

Abstract:

Gametes is generated by the mature cells in reproductive system when biological sexual reproduction occur. The development of vegetative cell, central cell and sperm cell, which is regulated by the inducing silencing mechanisms of DNA methylation and small RNA. The histone modification can make the egg cell and center cell form their own particular hereditary features, and it can also control the state of the sperm chromatin. This review focuses on the latest research advances in the epigenetic regulation in plant gamete development, including DNA methylation, small RNA-induced silencing, gene imprinting, chromatin modification and histone modifications.

Key words: angiosperms; male and female gametophyte; epigenetics; mthylation